EPA TRI Chemical

Lead Compounds

EPA TRI Category Code: N420

Total releases
1325.9M lbs
Number of facilities
3,142
Carcinogen
No
PBT substance
Yes
Verify at EPA TRI →
PBT

According to the EPA Toxics Release Inventory, Lead Compounds (EPA TRI Category Code N420) is disclosed by 3,142 Form R facilities totaling 1325.9M lbs of reported releases. It is also listed as a persistent bioaccumulative toxicant (PBT) in the TRI extract. TRI pounds are self-reported disclosure totals, not a measured public-health risk score.

View saved records

Lead Compounds (EPA TRI Category Code N420) is a chemical tracked by the EPA Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) program under Section 313 of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act. The TRI requires industrial facilities above specified threshold quantities to disclose annual manufacturing, processing, and otherwise-used volumes, along with quantities released to air, water, land, and off-site transfers.

A carcinogen flag, when present on other chemicals in this database, reflects an assessment from EPA, IARC, or the National Toxicology Program rather than a TRI-specific determination. The PBT (persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic) status above carries a lower TRI reporting threshold than most listed chemicals, reflecting elevated regulatory concern about long-term environmental buildup. The largest individual disclosure in the current dataset comes from RED DOG OPERATIONS in AK at 811.0M lbs.

TRI volumes are self-reported estimates, not measured stack emissions, and each pound counts equally regardless of chemical toxicity, so total pounds should not be equated with total risk. Inclusion of a chemical or facility in the TRI does not itself establish a health hazard; it documents the public right-to-know record. Consult EPA's IRIS (Integrated Risk Information System) and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry for health-effect summaries.

LAND pathway mix

Lead Compounds: how the 1325.9M lbs splits

1325.9M lbs across all reported pathways

  • Land Disposal1290.9M lbs97.4%
  • Off-site Transfers34.4M lbs2.6%
  • Air Releases442.8K lbs<0.1%
  • Water Discharges89.1K lbs<0.1%

Lead Compounds's 1325.9M lbs Form-R total is LAND, with land disposal making up 97.4% of the bar. Next segment: off-site transfers at 2.6%.

Trend & Where It's Reported

Reported Release Trend

Between 2019 and 2023, cumulative annual Lead Compounds releases across all reporting facilities decreased by 87% (511.4M lbs → 68.1M lbs). Year-to-year swings reflect facility openings/closures and reporting changes as much as underlying activity.

Geographic Concentration

Reporting for Lead Compounds is highly concentrated: Alaska accounts for 64.4% of the reported total (22 facilities). Next: Utah.

  • Alaska 853.5M lbs
  • Utah 256.3M lbs
  • Nevada 58.4M lbs
  • Missouri 50.7M lbs
  • Colorado 23.1M lbs
Industry Sources

Reporting for Lead Compounds is highly concentrated by industry: Metal Mining facilities account for 94.2% of the reported total (52 facilities). Next: Primary Metals.

  • Metal Mining 1249.5M lbs
  • Primary Metals 41.5M lbs
  • Electrical Equipment 9.8M lbs
  • Hazardous Waste 9.7M lbs
  • Electric Utilities 7.3M lbs

Which facilities release the most of this chemical?

Facilities with the largest reported releases of Lead Compounds. Up to 50 shown.

# Facility Release (lbs)
1 Red Dog Operations
811.0M lbs
2 Kennecott Utah Copper Mine Concentrators & Power Plant
246.2M lbs
3 Hecla Greens Creek Mining Co
35.8M lbs
4 Cripple Creek & Victor Gold Mining Co
22.9M lbs
5 Coeur Rochester Inc
22.8M lbs
6 Montana Resources LLC
18.2M lbs
7 Nevada Gold Mines LLC - Carlin South Area
16.0M lbs
8 Buick Mine/mill
12.8M lbs
9 Buick Resource Recycling Facility LLC
9.6M lbs
10 Kennecott Utah Copper Smelter & Refinery
9.2M lbs
11 Bald Mountain Mine
8.6M lbs
12 Freeport-McMoran Morenci Inc
7.1M lbs
13 Oceanagold Haile Gold Mine
7.0M lbs
14 Fletcher Mine/mill
6.9M lbs
15 Sweetwater Mine/mill
6.6M lbs
16 Fort Knox Mine
6.4M lbs
17 Befesa Zinc Metal LLC
6.2M lbs
18 Brushy Creek Mine/mill
5.4M lbs
19 Enersys Energy Products Inc-Springfield 2 (formerly Northsta
5.3M lbs
20 Max Environmental -- Yukon Facility
4.8M lbs
21 Enersys Energy Products Inc-Springfield 1 (formerly Northsta
3.9M lbs
22 Clarios LLC
3.8M lbs
23 Smoky Valley Common Operation
3.6M lbs
24 Kg Mining (bald Mountain) Inc South Operations Area (soa)
3.6M lbs
25 Asarco LLC Ray Complex/ Hayden Smelter & Concentrator
3.4M lbs
26 Ecw Landfill Corp.
2.0M lbs
27 Wharf Resources
1.6M lbs
28 Marigold Mining Co
1.6M lbs
29 Pinto Valley Mine
1.5M lbs
30 Gerdau Long Steel North America - Jackson Mill
1.5M lbs
31 Wayne Disposal Inc
1.4M lbs
32 Envirofocus Technologies
1.1M lbs
33 Asarco LLC Ray Mine Operations
972.1K lbs
34 Atlantic Alumina Gramercy Operations
802.6K lbs
35 Nevada Gold Mines LLC - Arturo Mine
733.2K lbs
36 Chemours Delisle Plant
672.7K lbs
37 Clean Harbors Buttonwillow LLC
662.4K lbs
38 Ecobat Resources New York LLC
648.6K lbs
39 Cleveland-Cliffs Steel LLC
602.9K lbs
40 Ammunition Operations LLC
516.1K lbs
41 Clean Harbors Lone Mountain LLC Lone Mountain Facility
512.9K lbs
42 Gibson Generating Station
483.9K lbs
43 McIeast-Mcb Camlej Main Facility
466.3K lbs
44 US Army Fort Campbell
444.3K lbs
45 American Electric Power Amos Plant
411.1K lbs
46 Mosaic Fertilizer Llc-New Wales Plant
383.5K lbs
47 Fiore Gold Pan Mine
374.4K lbs
48 Nevada Gold Mines Llc- Long Canyon Mine
371.4K lbs
49 Eq Detroit Inc
352.1K lbs
50 Clean Harbors Grassy Mountain LLC
351.0K lbs

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Lead Compounds in the EPA TRI?
Lead Compounds (EPA TRI Category Code: N420) is a chemical tracked by the EPA Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) program. It is not marked as a carcinogen in the TRI classification set. It is classified as a persistent bioaccumulative toxicant (PBT) in the TRI extract. 3,142 facilities in the United States report releasing this chemical to the EPA.
How much Lead Compounds is disclosed in U.S. TRI filings?
U.S. facilities have reported a total of 1325.9M lbs of Lead Compounds releases to the EPA Toxic Release Inventory across 3,142 facilities. Release quantities are self-reported estimates covering air, water, land, and off-site transfers. They are disclosure totals, not toxicity-weighted harm scores.
How does EPA TRI classify Lead Compounds?
Lead Compounds is not marked as a carcinogen in the TRI classification set. It is also listed as a persistent bioaccumulative toxicant (PBT), which uses lower TRI reporting thresholds. TRI classification flags document inventory listing status; they are not a site-specific exposure or health diagnosis. For health-effect summaries see EPA IRIS and ATSDR toxicological profiles.
Which facilities disclose the most Lead Compounds?
Red Dog Operations in AK reports the largest disclosed release of Lead Compounds in this dataset, at 811.0M lbs. Most reporting facilities for this chemical fall under metal mining. Release data is self-reported annually to the EPA under the TRI program. View the full list of 3,142 facilities on this page.
Why is Lead Compounds listed under code N420 instead of a CAS number?
N420 is an EPA TRI Category Code, not a CAS Registry Number. EPA assigns category codes (N-prefix and K-prefix) to chemical groups that share reporting requirements, for example, "Lead Compounds" covers many distinct compounds aggregated for TRI reporting. Individual constituents may have their own CAS Registry Numbers (e.g., elemental Lead is CAS 7439-92-1), but the group is reported under the single TRI Category Code.

Health Information

Persistent Bioaccumulative Toxicant (PBT): This chemical is classified as a PBT by the EPA. PBT chemicals are toxic, persist in the environment, and bioaccumulate in food chains. Because of these properties, even relatively small releases can pose a significant threat to human health and the environment over time.

Data comes from the EPA Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) program. Release quantities are self-reported by facilities and may represent estimates. The total shown aggregates reports across all facilities and reporting years.

PlainEnviro presents this data without advocacy framing. The presence of a chemical in the TRI database does not by itself indicate a health risk at current exposure levels. For health-related questions about specific chemical exposures, consult your local health agency or a toxicologist.

Related

Data sourced from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). See our methodology for details. Retrieved and formatted by PlainEnviro

Disclaimer: This information is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute professional advice. Data is sourced from the EPA Toxic Release Inventory (TRI). Consult a qualified professional before making decisions based on this data.