States with the Most Toxic Chemical Releases

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All states ranked by total pounds of toxic chemicals released, measuring actual pollution volume from industrial sources.

What This Ranking Tells Us

Total toxic releases measure the actual volume of hazardous chemicals discharged into air, water, and land by industrial facilities. States topping this list have significant heavy industry, mining operations, or chemical manufacturing that generates large waste volumes. Release amounts include on-site air emissions, water discharges, land disposal, and underground injection. Some states have high release volumes concentrated in just a few mega-facilities, while others spread releases across many smaller operations.

This page ranks all 50 U.S. states and territories on a single indicator - total lbs - drawn directly from the EPA Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). The ranking draws on 51 state records in the current dataset, ordered descending (highest count at the top) by the underlying federal count.

The top of the table is led by Alaska with a reported value of 3.9B, followed by Nevada (1.8B) and Texas (1.1B). The bottom of the ranking ends with New Hampshire at 2.1M, illustrating the spread across the federal record.

A state's position depends on underlying geography, industrial history, population, and the density of reporting entities, not on a simple "cleaner" or "dirtier" label. Use the links in the table to open each state's full environmental profile and view county-level breakdowns, individual facility records, and violation history. Data source: EPA Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). All figures are as-filed and not weighted for toxicity or exposure.

States with the Most Toxic Chemical Releases: top 15

Ranked by total lbs - full table below

million lbs

What this shows Rankings reflect reported federal totals, shaped by each state's geography, industrial history and population, not a direct measure of health risk or water safety.

Source EPA Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) As of 2023
# State Total Lbs
1 Alaska AK 3.9B
2 Nevada NV 1.8B
3 Texas TX 1.1B
4 Utah UT 1.1B
5 Louisiana LA 690.1M
6 Indiana IN 555.5M
7 Ohio OH 485.0M
8 Alabama AL 411.7M
9 Tennessee TN 380.1M
10 Arizona AZ 362.3M
11 Illinois IL 337.8M
12 Michigan MI 317.9M
13 North Carolina NC 284.5M
14 Missouri MO 280.5M
15 Montana MT 276.8M
16 Mississippi MS 269.4M
17 North Dakota ND 263.3M
18 Pennsylvania PA 253.6M
19 Florida FL 247.9M
20 New Mexico NM 239.8M
21 Georgia GA 239.0M
22 Kentucky KY 212.3M
23 South Carolina SC 203.0M
24 Idaho ID 200.0M
25 California CA 191.8M
26 Iowa IA 183.0M
27 Arkansas AR 173.2M
28 Oklahoma OK 166.2M
29 Virginia VA 166.0M
30 Wisconsin WI 147.9M
31 West Virginia WV 131.3M
32 Kansas KS 122.2M
33 Minnesota MN 113.1M
34 Colorado CO 112.9M
35 Oregon OR 97.8M
36 Wyoming WY 93.9M
37 Washington WA 92.7M
38 Nebraska NE 86.7M
39 New York NY 79.9M
40 New Jersey NJ 58.3M
41 South Dakota SD 43.0M
42 Maine ME 37.7M
43 Delaware DE 34.2M
44 Maryland MD 25.5M
45 Puerto Rico PR 25.4M
46 Massachusetts MA 18.3M
47 Hawaii HI 12.9M
48 Connecticut CT 8.9M
49 Rhode Island RI 2.5M
50 Vermont VT 2.1M
51 New Hampshire NH 2.1M

Source: EPA Toxics Release Inventory (TRI).

Frequently Asked Questions

What counts as a toxic release?

TRI tracks releases to air (stack and fugitive emissions), water (direct discharges to streams, rivers, and lakes), land (landfills, surface impoundments, and land treatment), and underground injection. Both routine operational releases and accidental spills are included in annual totals.

Are all toxic releases equally dangerous?

No. TRI tracks over 770 chemicals with vastly different toxicity levels. A pound of mercury is far more dangerous than a pound of ammonia. The total pounds metric treats all chemicals equally, which can be misleading. The EPA provides toxicity-weighted release data for more nuanced comparisons.

How has toxic release volume changed over time?

Total TRI releases have declined significantly since reporting began in 1988, dropping over 50% despite economic growth. This reflects improved pollution controls, industry shifts toward cleaner processes, and stronger environmental regulations. However, some individual chemicals and regions have seen increases.

What to do with this ranking

Use the leaders here as a starting point, then check your own state's full record.

  • Alaska tops this list at 3.9B total lbs - see its full environmental profile, not just this one metric. View Alaska
  • This single indicator doesn't capture the full picture. Compare against most tri facilities for a different angle. Most TRI Facilities
  • Look up any state directly to see its complete facility, water, and Superfund record in one place. Browse all states

Rankings reflect reported federal data for a single indicator; a high or low rank does not by itself measure overall environmental quality or health risk.

According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, this ranking is drawn from PlainEnviro's database of more than 25,000 EPA-tracked facilities and thousands of Safe Drinking Water Information System and Superfund National Priorities List records compiled since federal reporting began under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act in October 1986; see our methodology for the full data-source citations and refresh cadence.

Related

Data sourced from U.S. EPA environmental datasets. See our methodology for details. Retrieved and formatted by PlainEnviro Editorial

Every figure on PlainEnviro is rendered directly from EPA environmental compliance data, no number is typed in by an editor. Rankings are computed directly from EPA data. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error.